domingo, 15 de febrero de 2009

Excerpts on Death Penalty

The Death Penalty is a form of torture

The cruelty of torture is evident. Like torture, an execution constitutes an extreme physical and mental assault on a person already rendered helpless by government authorities. Abolitionist groups claim that the cruelty of the death penalty is manifest not only in the execution but in the time spent under sentence of death, during which the prisoner is constantly contemplating his or her own death at the hands of the state. Prison is an extraordinarily severe punishment that should not be exacerbated with torture or the death penalty.

Torture Defined
Torture of prisoners violates the Eight Amendment’s provision against Cruel and Unusual Punishment, and also constitutes a violation of several international laws. The United Nations Convention on Torture defined torture as “any act by which severe pain or suffering, whether physical or mental, is intentionally inflicted on a person for such purposes as obtaining from him or a third person information or a confession, punishing him for an act he or a third person has committed or is suspected of having committed, or intimidating or coercing him or a third person, or for any reason based on discrimination of any kind, when such pain or suffering is inflicted by or at the instigation of or with the consent or acquiescence of a public official or other person acting in an official capacity. It does not include pain or suffering arising only from, inherent in or incidental to lawful sanctions.”

An example of torture in the US Criminal Justice System

In May 1998, a lawsuit was filed concerning conditions for death row inmates in Idaho Maximum Security Institution. The suit states that inmates are held in solitary confinement for 163 of every week's 168 hours in small concrete and steel cells with solid metal doors and a narrow slit for a window. Inmates are allowed out of their cells for a maximum of one hour a day, excluding weekends, for recreation, alone and handcuffed in one of 12 enclosed wire mesh pens measuring approximately seven by 15 feet. The prisoner named in the lawsuit, Randy McKinney, states that he has lived under such a regime for 16 years, and that such treatment constitutes torture.

martes, 10 de febrero de 2009

World Trade Center bombing (1993)


The World Trade Center bombing ocurred on February 26, 1993; in New York City when a car bomb was detonated below Tower One on the World Trade Center. The urea nitrate-hydrogen gas was intended to knock the Tower One into Tower Two bringing them both down and killing thousands of people, but it failed and killed 6 people and injured 1,042. The attack was planned by a group of conspirators including Ramzi Yousef, Mahmud Abouhalima, Mohammad Salameh, Nidal Ayyad, Abdul Rahman Yasin and Ahmad Ajaj. They received financing from Khaled Shaikh Mohammed. They mailed letter two various New York newspapers just before the attack, saying it belong to Israel's army.

Ramzi Yousef and a Jordanian friend, Eyad Ismoil drove a yellow van into Lower Manhattan, parking it in the lower paarking in World Trade Center, when it detonated the bomb cut the electricity also knocking the emergency lighting and the smoke rised 93rd floors in the two towers.

The USS Cole bombing (2001)


The USS Cole bombing was a suicide bombing attack against the U.S. Navy destroyer USS Cole (DDG 67) on 12 October 2000 while it was harbored in the Yemeni port of Aden. Seventeen American sailors were killed.
On 12 October 2000, USS Cole, under the command of Commander
Kirk Lippold, set in to Aden harbor for a routine fuel stop. Cole completed mooring at 09:30. Refueling started at 10:30. Around 11:18 local time (08:18 UTC), a small craft approached the port side of the destroyer, and an explosion occurred, putting a 40-by-60-feet gash in the ship's port side according to the memorial plate to those that lost their lives. According to former CIA intelligence officer Robert Finke, the blast appeared to be caused by explosives molded into a shaped charge against the hull of the boat. It was reported that the boat was so close that the attackers (trying to appear friendly) aboard the boat and the sailors exchanged greetings before the blast. It is believed that sailors aboard the USS Cole thought the boat was just a garbage service boat. The blast hit the ship's galley, where crew were lining up for lunch. The crew fought flooding in the engineering spaces and had the damage under control by the evening. Divers inspected the hull and determined the keel was not damaged.
Seventeen sailors were killed and thirty nine others were injured in the blast. The injured sailors were taken to the United States Army's Landstuhl Regional Medical Center
near Ramstein, Germany and later, back to the United States. The attack was the deadliest against a U.S. Naval vessel since the Iraqi attack on the USS Stark (FFG-31) on 17 May 1987.
The asymmetric warfare
attack was organized and directed by Osama bin Laden's al-Qaeda terrorist organization. In June 2001, an al-Qaeda recruitment video featuring bin Laden boasted about the attack and encouraged similar attacks.
On 14 March 2007, a federal judge in the United States, Robert Doumar
ruled that the Sudanese government was liable for the bombing.

lunes, 9 de febrero de 2009

Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor


Attack on Pearl Harbor,was a surprise military strike conducted by the Japanese navy against the United States' naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, on the morning of Sunday, December 7, 1941later resulting in the United States becoming militarily involved in World War II It was intended as a preventiveaction to keep the U.S. Pacific Fleet from influencing the war Japan was planning to wage in Southeast Asia against Britain, the Netherlands, and the United States. The attack consisted of two aerial attack waves totaling 353 aircraft, launched from six Japanese aircraft carriers.

The attack sank four U.S. Navy battleships and damaged four more. The Japanese also sank or damaged three cruisers, three destroyers, and one minelayer, destroyed 188 aircraft, and caused personnel losses of 2,402 killed and 1,282 wounded. The power station, shipyard, maintenance, and fuel and torpedo storage facilities, as well as the submarine piers and headquarters building were not hit. Japanese losses were minimal, at 29 aircraft and four midget submarines, with 65 servicemen killed or wounded.The attack was a major engagement of World War II. It occurred before a formal declaration of war and before the last part of the infamous 14-part message was delivered to the State Department in Eashington D.C. The Japanese Embassy in Washington had been instructed to deliver it immediately prior to the scheduled time of the attack in Hawaii. The attack, and especially the 'surprise' nature of it, were both factors in changing U.S. public opinion from the isolationist position of the mid-1930s to support for direct participation in the war. Germany's prompt declaration of war, unforced by any treaty commitment to Japan, quickly brought the US into the European Theatre as well. The lack by Japan of any formal declaration prior to the attack led President Roosevelt to proclaim "December 7th, 1941—a date which will live in infamy".

I choose this Topic because I saw a movie about this when I was In primary school and it's a Topic I like most about wars in th U.S.I think the U.S. it's always like getting in other countrys problems or trying to take advantage of the problems of somre countrys to get land or finding a way to get more rich.This is one of the most powerfull nations on the world so for me it's admirable their history, so I like the country even though all enemys they have such as konw they are in war.

Here you could see a picture of Pearl Harbor in that time with their ships burning.

Anthrax letters in New York and Washington, DC



Well this event is also known as Amerithrax by the FBI, and it occured some weeks after the attacks of the 9/11 in 2001, started on september 18. What happened is that letters that had anthrax spores were mailed to people in the news media offices and to two Democratic U.S. Senators. It's said that five letters were mailed to ABC News, CBS News, NBC News and the New York Post, all in New York City; and to the National Enquirer at American Media,in Boca Raton, Florida. Only the New York Post and NBC letters were actually found but the existence of the other three letters is inferred because people who worked at ABC, CBS and AMI became infected with later with anthrax.

Two more anthrax letters were dated October 9, three weeks after the first mailing. The letters were sent to two Democratic Senators, Tom Daschle and Patrick Leahy. When that happened, Daschle was the Senate Majority leader and Leahy was head of the Senate Judiciary Committee. The Daschle letter was opened by an assistant on october 15, and the government mail service shut down. The unopened Leahy letter was discovered in an impounded mail bag on November 16. The Leahy letter had been missdirected to the State Department mailin Sterling, Virginia, and a postal worker there, David Hose, contracted inhalational anthrax.

At least 22 were infected by anthrax, 11 inhaled the life-threatening inhalational variety. Five died of inhalational anthrax: Stevens; two employees of the Brentwood mail facility in Washington, Thomas Morris Jr. and Joseph Curseen, Kathy Nguyen, a Vietnamese immigrant resident in the Bronx who worked in New York City, and Ottilie Lundgren, a 94-year old widow of a prominent judge from Oxford, who was the last known victim.

Although the diffetent anthrax preparations in the five letters were of different grades, all of the material came from the same bacterial strain, known as the Ames strain. More than a dozen of buildings were contaminated with anthrax. The decontamination of the Brentwood postal facility took 26 months and cost $130 million dollars. The Hamilton, New Jersey postal facility remained closed until March 2005 and its cleanup cost $65 million. The United States Environmental Protection Agency spent $41.7 million to clean up government buildings in Washington, D.C. One FBI document said the total damage exceeded $1 billion. The principal means of decontamination is fumigation with chlorine dioxide gas

The primary suspect was not publicly identified until 2008.

domingo, 8 de febrero de 2009

Blowing up of the USS Maine (1898)


Back on that time, Cuba was fighting against Spain to liberate their island from the Spanish, but when Spain sent the General Valeriano Weyler y Nicolau with the command to pacify the revolution so he concentated the rebels in districts to areas near military headquarters. So this had as conlcusion starvation and death of over 100,000 Cubans. The "Yellow Press" put pression over the President of the US, William McKinley to end the fighting in Cuba.
Pro-Weyler forces started to investigate in Havana riots in January 1898, and US became very worried about the safety of their citizens in the country.
On 24 January, McKinley sent the USS Maine and it arrived the 25th.
To avoid any conflict the commanding officer didn't allow the soldiers go on shore. The Navy's presence appeared to have a calming effect on the situation.
15 February, the Maine exploted, 266 men died. The city of Washington acted quickly and the Spain position on Cuba hardened, so US declared war to Spain on April 21 and Spain responded on the 23.
Some investigators insist the the explosion of the Maine didn't caused the war, but it served as a catalyst, accelerating the approach to a diplomatic impasse. It rallied American's opinion more strongly behind armed intervention.

Bombing of Khobar Towers, Saudi Arabia (1996)



June 25, 1996- 9:43 p.m.- Khobar, Saudi Arabia. The men have parked their truck to one side of the building # 131  where the United States Air Force personnel from the 4404th Wing are housed. At  9:50 p.m. after only 9 minutes the men are gone and the fuel  truck exploded leaving a total of 19 dead and 372 wounded.  

The force of the explosion was enormous.  A huge crater was left were the vehicle was parked, 26 m wide and 11 m deep.  Windows were shattered and thrown miles away from the area and it destroyed six high rise apartment.

 The explosion contained the equivalent of 20,000 to 30,000 pounds of TNT.  The bomb was a mixture of gasoline and explosive powders placed in the gas tank. 

The terrorists were reported to have smuggled explosive materials and timing devices into S. A from Lebanon in paint cans, to later hide them underground in Qatif near Khobar. 

Later the next people were identified and arrested: Ahmed Ibrahim, Abdelkarim Hussein, Ali Saed, Ibrahim Salih and 9 other Saudis. 

The purpose of this attack was to exhort the U.S soldiers to leave the country  and that Khobar Towers would be attacked too if they did not begin immediately. 
William Perry who is the secretary of defense said in an interview in 2007 that " he now bealives "Al- Qaida" rather than Iran was behind a 1996 truck bombing at an American Military base" 



Anne 



miércoles, 4 de febrero de 2009

Outsourcing

After having the idea of what outsourcing mean we are now ready to answer some basic questions to get deeper in the topic.

First of all what are the pros and cons about it? The -good- part of it is that you can achieve more with less, have flexibility when negotiating contracts specially in how to manage the budget if you can't afford higher- priced staff (there's a real difference in paying $50 per hour in US than $15 in Poland) and finally having educated people with enough skills (having a lot of workers with degrees from finest universities).  The -Bad- side of it is that US looses industrial infrastructure through the closing of factories also they export capital abroad in building manufacturing plants and duplicate patterns and tooling in another country. This money then becomes unavailable for US  economic expansion. The third  harmful effect is the loss of income for the local, state and federal governments and the fewer contributions to the social security and Medicare. 

Industrialized countries have been the ones with more benefits since they are the ones who promote the trades in these areas. Understanding is as easy as the next question. Why produce something that we can get more cheaply elsewhere?

www.memagazine.org/contents/current/webonly/wex30905.html
www.cio.com/article/146451/seven_reasons_why_outsourcing_to_india_is_good_for_your_business
www.religion-online.org/showarticle.asp?title=3115

Outsourcing

Assignment #1 Feedback...

Good job everybody. However, Annie did not participate, which will affect her individual grade (zero) and your team's grade (85) for this assignment as well. Other than that, you will all receive full credit for your individual participation. 

Keep it up!

lunes, 2 de febrero de 2009

Outsourcing - Ana Cristina

China announces new measures to boost service outsourcing
BEIJING, Feb. 2 (Xinhua) -- The Chinese government announced on Monday it will give tax breaks and subsidies to encourage the growth of service outsourcing nationwide. The details to boost the development of service outsourcing were outlined in a document drafted by the Ministry of Commerce (MOC) and approved by the State Council, China's Cabinet.

Service outsourcing allows companies to transfer service operations to professional providers so that they can focus on their core business. A service outsourcing company helps its clients manage business operations, such as information technology, training, logistics and advertising.

The document said that 20 cities, including Beijing, Shanghai, Xi'an, Suzhou and Hangzhou, have been designated for pilot service outsourcing programs. Beginning Jan. 1, these companies are eligible for tax breaks, financial support, subsidies and intellectual property rights protection.

Technology-advanced service outsourcing companies are allowed to adopt flexible working hours for workers if they get approval from local human resources departments, said the document.

Technology development companies on the national level that are based in central and western China are expected to enjoy favorable tax policies when they apply for loans to launch service outsourcing projects.

The government also encourages telecom providers to help pave the way for enterprises to take the advantage of the outsourcing pilot to more easily communicate with the outsourcing service provider.

China also plans to establish and improve an outsourcing supervision mechanism, introduce new insurance products and establish a network of trained outsourcing personnel.

The government will offer service outsourcing companies a subsidy of up to 4,500 yuan (662 U.S. dollars) a year for every college graduate employed on a contract of at least one year.

The document cited Suzhou Industrial Park as an example, saying service companies there would enjoy an enterprise income tax rate of 15 percent, compared with 25 percent elsewhere in the country, until 2013.

Chinese Vice Premier Wang Qishan hosted a meeting in Nanjing, capital of Jiangsu Province, to discuss experiment of service outsourcing.

At the meeting, MOC Vice Minister Ma Xiuhong estimated that international service outsourcing volume would top 600 billion U.S. dollars by 2010.

"More foreign companies outsource parts of their business to overseas companies to reduce operation costs, which provide Chinese enterprises with lots of opportunities," Ma said.

According to the MOC, the country hopes to train 1.2 million service outsourcing professionals by 2013. During the same period, 1 million college graduates are expected to find new jobs in this sector.

However, world consultant firm Mckinsey & Comapany said in a report that China's outsourcing business growth still lags behind its neighbor, India.

Its statistics show India's service outsourcing volume was 42.2billion U.S. dollars in 2008, nine times China's. More than 2 million Indian people worked in the outsourcing sector, four times more than China's figures.

The McKinsey & Comapany report also forecasted that despite various difficulties, China still has great potential to develop outsourcing businesses. The country is expected to become the most important service outsourcing destination worldwide in the future.

Up to 2008, 3,300 Chinese companies provided service outsourcing business to overseas companies, with a contract volume of 4.69 billion U.S. dollars, official statistics show.


Editor: Yao
Source:

Outsourcing

Anna Criss
China annoAunces new measures to boost service outsourcing
BEIJING, Feb. 2 (Xinhua) -- The Chinese government announced on Monday it will give tax breaks and subsidies to encourage the growth of service outsourcing nationwide.
The details to boost the development of service outsourcing were outlined in a document drafted by the Ministry of Commerce (MOC) and approved by the State Council, China's Cabinet.
Service outsourcing allows companies to transfer service operations to professional providers so that they can focus on their core business. A service outsourcing company helps its clients manage business operations, such as information technology, training, logistics and advertising.
The document said that 20 cities, including Beijing, Shanghai, Xi'an, Suzhou and Hangzhou, have been designated for pilot service outsourcing programs. Beginning Jan. 1, these companies are eligible for tax breaks, financial support, subsidies and intellectual property rights protection.
Technology-advanced service outsourcing companies are allowed to adopt flexible working hours for workers if they get approval from local human resources departments, said the document.
Technology development companies on the national level that are based in central and western China are expected to enjoy favorable tax policies when they apply for loans to launch service outsourcing projects.
The government also encourages telecom providers to help pave the way for enterprises to take the advantage of the outsourcing pilot to more easily communicate with the outsourcing service provider.
China also plans to establish and improve an outsourcing supervision mechanism, introduce new insurance products and establish a network of trained outsourcing personnel.
The government will offer service outsourcing companies a subsidy of up to 4,500 yuan (662 U.S. dollars) a year for every college graduate employed on a contract of at least one year.
The document cited Suzhou Industrial Park as an example, saying service companies there would enjoy an enterprise income tax rate of 15 percent, compared with 25 percent elsewhere in the country, until 2013.
Chinese Vice Premier Wang Qishan hosted a meeting in Nanjing, capital of Jiangsu Province, to discuss experiment of service outsourcing.
At the meeting, MOC Vice Minister Ma Xiuhong estimated that international service outsourcing volume would top 600 billion U.S. dollars by 2010.
"More foreign companies outsource parts of their business to overseas companies to reduce operation costs, which provide Chinese enterprises with lots of opportunities," Ma said.
According to the MOC, the country hopes to train 1.2 million service outsourcing professionals by 2013. During the same period, 1 million college graduates are expected to find new jobs in this sector.
However, world consultant firm Mckinsey & Comapany said in a report that China's outsourcing business growth still lags behind its neighbor, India.
Its statistics show India's service outsourcing volume was 42.2billion U.S. dollars in 2008, nine times China's. More than 2 million Indian people worked in the outsourcing sector, four times more than China's figures.
The McKinsey & Comapany report also forecasted that despite various difficulties, China still has great potential to develop outsourcing businesses. The country is expected to become the most important service outsourcing destination worldwide in the future.
Up to 2008, 3,300 Chinese companies provided service outsourcing business to overseas companies, with a contract volume of 4.69 billion U.S. dollars, official statistics show.
Editor: Yao
http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2009-02/02/content_10752148.htm

Outsourcing

There are many reasons that companies outsource various jobs, but the most prominent advantage seems to be the fact that it often saves money. Many of the companies that provide outsourcing services are able to do the work for considerably less money, as they don't have to provide benefits to their workers, and have fewer overhead expenses to worry about.
Outsourcing also allows companies to focus on other business issues while having the details taken care of by outside experts. This means that a large amount of resources and attention, that might fall on the shoulders of management professionals, can be used for more important, broader issues within the company. The specialized company that handles the outsourced work is often streamlined and often has world-class capabilities and access to new technology that a company couldn't afford to buy on their own. Plus, if a company is looking to expand, outsourcing is a cost-effective way to start building foundations in other countries.


Outsourcing is a trend that is becoming more common in information technology and other industries for services that have usually been regarded as intrinsic to managing a business. Outsourcing may prove highly beneficial for many companies like in saving money. This is very much true even though some people don't like outsourcing because it has its negative side it could be like that you don't contract people of your country so you don't help in that way with economy and it eliminates direct communication with its clients.I got this information here http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-outsourcing.htm.

The outsourching agreements and tools,large organizations often use them to remove transactional overhead with pre-approved vendors by utilizing a single contract to cover all transactions with them as well as with their affiliates.
Master Services Agreement - Outsourcing of human resources and accounts payable services and associated processes (including collection of time and attendance data; calculation, reporting, payment of and accounting for pay and deductions; responding to and resolving employee payroll issues and inquiries; capturing, tracking, modifying and reporting all human relations related data (including current, terminated, vested, deceased, and annuitant employees); operating and maintaining the information technology environment which support human resources related processes; managing reimbursement of employee business expenses).http://partneringagreements.com/31os.htm?c1=ppc&source=goo1&kw=outsourcing

The International Association of Outsourcing Professionals™ (IAOP™) is compiling the fourth annual ranking of the world’s best outsourcing service providers — The Global Outsourcing 100. As part of The Global Outsourcing 100, IAOP is also introducing a new list, the World's Best Outsourcing Advisors.The Global Outsourcing 100 and its sub-lists are essential references for companies seeking new and expanded relationships with the best companies in the industry. The lists include companies from around the world that provide the full spectrum of outsourcing services — not just information technology and business process outsourcing, but also facility services, real estate and capital asset management, manufacturing and logistics.The World's Best Outsourcing Advisors, new for 2009, is geared specifically to companies that are outstanding global outsourcing advisors and consultants. In addition to being part of The Global Outsourcing 100 main list and sub-lists, the new list of advisors will rank the top consultant, legal and related advisory firms globally, and will be a valuable reference tool for companies needing expert advice and guidance with their outsourcing projects.

For me its fine outsourcing,but like Adriana said its makes other countrys rich or it helps their economy more than in your country.And in other countrys since there is no other job they work hard for less money.

domingo, 1 de febrero de 2009

Outsourcing - Maria Jose

So, here's my article everybody :) I leave you the link:http://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/25/business/worldbusiness/25outsource.html

Outsourcing - Dominique

Outsourcing.

Hewlett-Packard today declined to comment on industry speculation the company plans to outsource the jobs of an estimated 500 staff working in its support and service operation located in Rhodes, Sydney, offshore.
A well-placed source has told ZDNet Australia that HP has given the project management team overseeing the Rhodes operation a maximum of eight months to migrate its internal and corporate desktop support functions, employing 300 people, to Bangalore, India.
The source also claimed that HP was planning to axe a further 200 jobs at the Rhodes facility by outsourcing its operations management centre functions to China.
ZDNet Australia contacted HP several times for comment on the allegation. HP corporate communications manager, Hugh Scott said the company could only provide a "no comment" response at this stage.
The centre has been operating in Australia for four years. Work to establish the centre began in 1998 and it started operating in 1999. In 2000 it was upgraded.
The centre currently serves HP's key corporate clients such as Vodafone and Optus, and its internal staff.
The source claims the outsourcing deal is an example of the cost-cutting mentality that has dominated the company's strategy under the stewardship of Carly Fiorina.
"The problem I see with all of this is that Australia is gradually making other countries rich, these 300 people will go on the dole because there is no other work around," said the source.
"The corporate giants are paying HP, HP is paying India but there's no money coming into Australia. Its all money flowing out and you've got 300 more people sitting on the [labour] market".
Last week a McKinsey & Co released a report forecasting IT-enabled Services-Business Process Outsourcing (ITeS-BPO) would grow 60 percent to US$2.4 billion over the 2003 fiscal year.
A swathe of the IT industry's heavy-hitters including Dell, IBM, Accenture and Compaq have outsourced their functions to Indian-based operations over the last 12 months. Australia has not been immune to trend.
Last August Compaq moved its research and development centre from Queensland to India.
In November, documents leaked from within Qantas revealed that the airline's chief information officer, Fiona Balfour, told a meeting of ranking IT executives that outsourcing to India was a long-term strategy for survival.
In December 2001, the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade alarmed the Australian IT industry when it was revealed that it had engaged activity widely viewed as encouraging Australian business to seek opportunities to cut-costs by transferring local functions to India.