domingo, 15 de febrero de 2009
Excerpts on Death Penalty
The cruelty of torture is evident. Like torture, an execution constitutes an extreme physical and mental assault on a person already rendered helpless by government authorities. Abolitionist groups claim that the cruelty of the death penalty is manifest not only in the execution but in the time spent under sentence of death, during which the prisoner is constantly contemplating his or her own death at the hands of the state. Prison is an extraordinarily severe punishment that should not be exacerbated with torture or the death penalty.
Torture Defined
Torture of prisoners violates the Eight Amendment’s provision against Cruel and Unusual Punishment, and also constitutes a violation of several international laws. The United Nations Convention on Torture defined torture as “any act by which severe pain or suffering, whether physical or mental, is intentionally inflicted on a person for such purposes as obtaining from him or a third person information or a confession, punishing him for an act he or a third person has committed or is suspected of having committed, or intimidating or coercing him or a third person, or for any reason based on discrimination of any kind, when such pain or suffering is inflicted by or at the instigation of or with the consent or acquiescence of a public official or other person acting in an official capacity. It does not include pain or suffering arising only from, inherent in or incidental to lawful sanctions.”
An example of torture in the US Criminal Justice System
In May 1998, a lawsuit was filed concerning conditions for death row inmates in Idaho Maximum Security Institution. The suit states that inmates are held in solitary confinement for 163 of every week's 168 hours in small concrete and steel cells with solid metal doors and a narrow slit for a window. Inmates are allowed out of their cells for a maximum of one hour a day, excluding weekends, for recreation, alone and handcuffed in one of 12 enclosed wire mesh pens measuring approximately seven by 15 feet. The prisoner named in the lawsuit, Randy McKinney, states that he has lived under such a regime for 16 years, and that such treatment constitutes torture.
martes, 10 de febrero de 2009
World Trade Center bombing (1993)

The USS Cole bombing (2001)

On 12 October 2000, USS Cole, under the command of Commander Kirk Lippold, set in to Aden harbor for a routine fuel stop. Cole completed mooring at 09:30. Refueling started at 10:30. Around 11:18 local time (08:18 UTC), a small craft approached the port side of the destroyer, and an explosion occurred, putting a 40-by-60-feet gash in the ship's port side according to the memorial plate to those that lost their lives. According to former CIA intelligence officer Robert Finke, the blast appeared to be caused by explosives molded into a shaped charge against the hull of the boat. It was reported that the boat was so close that the attackers (trying to appear friendly) aboard the boat and the sailors exchanged greetings before the blast. It is believed that sailors aboard the USS Cole thought the boat was just a garbage service boat. The blast hit the ship's galley, where crew were lining up for lunch. The crew fought flooding in the engineering spaces and had the damage under control by the evening. Divers inspected the hull and determined the keel was not damaged.
Seventeen sailors were killed and thirty nine others were injured in the blast. The injured sailors were taken to the United States Army's Landstuhl Regional Medical Center near Ramstein, Germany and later, back to the United States. The attack was the deadliest against a U.S. Naval vessel since the Iraqi attack on the USS Stark (FFG-31) on 17 May 1987.
The asymmetric warfare attack was organized and directed by Osama bin Laden's al-Qaeda terrorist organization. In June 2001, an al-Qaeda recruitment video featuring bin Laden boasted about the attack and encouraged similar attacks.
On 14 March 2007, a federal judge in the United States, Robert Doumar ruled that the Sudanese government was liable for the bombing.
lunes, 9 de febrero de 2009
Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor

Anthrax letters in New York and Washington, DC

Well this event is also known as Amerithrax by the FBI, and it occured some weeks after the attacks of the 9/11 in 2001, started on september 18. What happened is that letters that had anthrax spores were mailed to people in the news media offices and to two Democratic U.S. Senators. It's said that five letters were mailed to ABC News, CBS News, NBC News and the New York Post, all in New York City; and to the National Enquirer at American Media,in Boca Raton, Florida. Only the New York Post and NBC letters were actually found but the existence of the other three letters is inferred because people who worked at ABC, CBS and AMI became infected with later with anthrax.
Two more anthrax letters were dated October 9, three weeks after the first mailing. The letters were sent to two Democratic Senators, Tom Daschle and Patrick Leahy. When that happened, Daschle was the Senate Majority leader and Leahy was head of the Senate Judiciary Committee. The Daschle letter was opened by an assistant on october 15, and the government mail service shut down. The unopened Leahy letter was discovered in an impounded mail bag on November 16. The Leahy letter had been missdirected to the State Department mailin Sterling, Virginia, and a postal worker there, David Hose, contracted inhalational anthrax.
At least 22 were infected by anthrax, 11 inhaled the life-threatening inhalational variety. Five died of inhalational anthrax: Stevens; two employees of the Brentwood mail facility in Washington, Thomas Morris Jr. and Joseph Curseen, Kathy Nguyen, a Vietnamese immigrant resident in the Bronx who worked in New York City, and Ottilie Lundgren, a 94-year old widow of a prominent judge from Oxford, who was the last known victim.
Although the diffetent anthrax preparations in the five letters were of different grades, all of the material came from the same bacterial strain, known as the Ames strain. More than a dozen of buildings were contaminated with anthrax. The decontamination of the Brentwood postal facility took 26 months and cost $130 million dollars. The Hamilton, New Jersey postal facility remained closed until March 2005 and its cleanup cost $65 million. The United States Environmental Protection Agency spent $41.7 million to clean up government buildings in Washington, D.C. One FBI document said the total damage exceeded $1 billion. The principal means of decontamination is fumigation with chlorine dioxide gas
The primary suspect was not publicly identified until 2008.
domingo, 8 de febrero de 2009
Blowing up of the USS Maine (1898)
Pro-Weyler forces started to investigate in Havana riots in January 1898, and US became very worried about the safety of their citizens in the country.
On 24 January, McKinley sent the USS Maine and it arrived the 25th.
To avoid any conflict the commanding officer didn't allow the soldiers go on shore. The Navy's presence appeared to have a calming effect on the situation.
15 February, the Maine exploted, 266 men died. The city of Washington acted quickly and the Spain position on Cuba hardened, so US declared war to Spain on April 21 and Spain responded on the 23.
Some investigators insist the the explosion of the Maine didn't caused the war, but it served as a catalyst, accelerating the approach to a diplomatic impasse. It rallied American's opinion more strongly behind armed intervention.
Bombing of Khobar Towers, Saudi Arabia (1996)


miércoles, 4 de febrero de 2009
Outsourcing
Assignment #1 Feedback...
lunes, 2 de febrero de 2009
Outsourcing - Ana Cristina
China announces new measures to boost service outsourcingBEIJING, Feb. 2 (Xinhua) -- The Chinese government announced on Monday it will give tax breaks and subsidies to encourage the growth of service outsourcing nationwide. The details to boost the development of service outsourcing were outlined in a document drafted by the Ministry of Commerce (MOC) and approved by the State Council, China's Cabinet.Service outsourcing allows companies to transfer service operations to professional providers so that they can focus on their core business. A service outsourcing company helps its clients manage business operations, such as information technology, training, logistics and advertising.
The document said that 20 cities, including Beijing, Shanghai, Xi'an, Suzhou and Hangzhou, have been designated for pilot service outsourcing programs. Beginning Jan. 1, these companies are eligible for tax breaks, financial support, subsidies and intellectual property rights protection.
Technology-advanced service outsourcing companies are allowed to adopt flexible working hours for workers if they get approval from local human resources departments, said the document.
Technology development companies on the national level that are based in central and western China are expected to enjoy favorable tax policies when they apply for loans to launch service outsourcing projects.
The government also encourages telecom providers to help pave the way for enterprises to take the advantage of the outsourcing pilot to more easily communicate with the outsourcing service provider.
China also plans to establish and improve an outsourcing supervision mechanism, introduce new insurance products and establish a network of trained outsourcing personnel.
The government will offer service outsourcing companies a subsidy of up to 4,500 yuan (662 U.S. dollars) a year for every college graduate employed on a contract of at least one year.
The document cited Suzhou Industrial Park as an example, saying service companies there would enjoy an enterprise income tax rate of 15 percent, compared with 25 percent elsewhere in the country, until 2013.
Chinese Vice Premier Wang Qishan hosted a meeting in Nanjing, capital of Jiangsu Province, to discuss experiment of service outsourcing.
At the meeting, MOC Vice Minister Ma Xiuhong estimated that international service outsourcing volume would top 600 billion U.S. dollars by 2010.
"More foreign companies outsource parts of their business to overseas companies to reduce operation costs, which provide Chinese enterprises with lots of opportunities," Ma said.
According to the MOC, the country hopes to train 1.2 million service outsourcing professionals by 2013. During the same period, 1 million college graduates are expected to find new jobs in this sector.
However, world consultant firm Mckinsey & Comapany said in a report that China's outsourcing business growth still lags behind its neighbor, India.
Its statistics show India's service outsourcing volume was 42.2billion U.S. dollars in 2008, nine times China's. More than 2 million Indian people worked in the outsourcing sector, four times more than China's figures.
The McKinsey & Comapany report also forecasted that despite various difficulties, China still has great potential to develop outsourcing businesses. The country is expected to become the most important service outsourcing destination worldwide in the future.
Up to 2008, 3,300 Chinese companies provided service outsourcing business to overseas companies, with a contract volume of 4.69 billion U.S. dollars, official statistics show.
Editor: Yao Source:
Outsourcing
China annoAunces new measures to boost service outsourcing
BEIJING, Feb. 2 (Xinhua) -- The Chinese government announced on Monday it will give tax breaks and subsidies to encourage the growth of service outsourcing nationwide.
The details to boost the development of service outsourcing were outlined in a document drafted by the Ministry of Commerce (MOC) and approved by the State Council, China's Cabinet.
Service outsourcing allows companies to transfer service operations to professional providers so that they can focus on their core business. A service outsourcing company helps its clients manage business operations, such as information technology, training, logistics and advertising.
The document said that 20 cities, including Beijing, Shanghai, Xi'an, Suzhou and Hangzhou, have been designated for pilot service outsourcing programs. Beginning Jan. 1, these companies are eligible for tax breaks, financial support, subsidies and intellectual property rights protection.
Technology-advanced service outsourcing companies are allowed to adopt flexible working hours for workers if they get approval from local human resources departments, said the document.
Technology development companies on the national level that are based in central and western China are expected to enjoy favorable tax policies when they apply for loans to launch service outsourcing projects.
The government also encourages telecom providers to help pave the way for enterprises to take the advantage of the outsourcing pilot to more easily communicate with the outsourcing service provider.
China also plans to establish and improve an outsourcing supervision mechanism, introduce new insurance products and establish a network of trained outsourcing personnel.
The government will offer service outsourcing companies a subsidy of up to 4,500 yuan (662 U.S. dollars) a year for every college graduate employed on a contract of at least one year.
The document cited Suzhou Industrial Park as an example, saying service companies there would enjoy an enterprise income tax rate of 15 percent, compared with 25 percent elsewhere in the country, until 2013.
Chinese Vice Premier Wang Qishan hosted a meeting in Nanjing, capital of Jiangsu Province, to discuss experiment of service outsourcing.
At the meeting, MOC Vice Minister Ma Xiuhong estimated that international service outsourcing volume would top 600 billion U.S. dollars by 2010.
"More foreign companies outsource parts of their business to overseas companies to reduce operation costs, which provide Chinese enterprises with lots of opportunities," Ma said.
According to the MOC, the country hopes to train 1.2 million service outsourcing professionals by 2013. During the same period, 1 million college graduates are expected to find new jobs in this sector.
However, world consultant firm Mckinsey & Comapany said in a report that China's outsourcing business growth still lags behind its neighbor, India.
Its statistics show India's service outsourcing volume was 42.2billion U.S. dollars in 2008, nine times China's. More than 2 million Indian people worked in the outsourcing sector, four times more than China's figures.
The McKinsey & Comapany report also forecasted that despite various difficulties, China still has great potential to develop outsourcing businesses. The country is expected to become the most important service outsourcing destination worldwide in the future.
Up to 2008, 3,300 Chinese companies provided service outsourcing business to overseas companies, with a contract volume of 4.69 billion U.S. dollars, official statistics show.
Editor: Yao
http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2009-02/02/content_10752148.htm
Outsourcing
Outsourcing also allows companies to focus on other business issues while having the details taken care of by outside experts. This means that a large amount of resources and attention, that might fall on the shoulders of management professionals, can be used for more important, broader issues within the company. The specialized company that handles the outsourced work is often streamlined and often has world-class capabilities and access to new technology that a company couldn't afford to buy on their own. Plus, if a company is looking to expand, outsourcing is a cost-effective way to start building foundations in other countries.
Outsourcing is a trend that is becoming more common in information technology and other industries for services that have usually been regarded as intrinsic to managing a business. Outsourcing may prove highly beneficial for many companies like in saving money. This is very much true even though some people don't like outsourcing because it has its negative side it could be like that you don't contract people of your country so you don't help in that way with economy and it eliminates direct communication with its clients.I got this information here http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-outsourcing.htm.
The outsourching agreements and tools,large organizations often use them to remove transactional overhead with pre-approved vendors by utilizing a single contract to cover all transactions with them as well as with their affiliates.
Master Services Agreement - Outsourcing of human resources and accounts payable services and associated processes (including collection of time and attendance data; calculation, reporting, payment of and accounting for pay and deductions; responding to and resolving employee payroll issues and inquiries; capturing, tracking, modifying and reporting all human relations related data (including current, terminated, vested, deceased, and annuitant employees); operating and maintaining the information technology environment which support human resources related processes; managing reimbursement of employee business expenses).http://partneringagreements.com/31os.htm?c1=ppc&source=goo1&kw=outsourcing
The International Association of Outsourcing Professionals™ (IAOP™) is compiling the fourth annual ranking of the world’s best outsourcing service providers — The Global Outsourcing 100. As part of The Global Outsourcing 100, IAOP is also introducing a new list, the World's Best Outsourcing Advisors.The Global Outsourcing 100 and its sub-lists are essential references for companies seeking new and expanded relationships with the best companies in the industry. The lists include companies from around the world that provide the full spectrum of outsourcing services — not just information technology and business process outsourcing, but also facility services, real estate and capital asset management, manufacturing and logistics.The World's Best Outsourcing Advisors, new for 2009, is geared specifically to companies that are outstanding global outsourcing advisors and consultants. In addition to being part of The Global Outsourcing 100 main list and sub-lists, the new list of advisors will rank the top consultant, legal and related advisory firms globally, and will be a valuable reference tool for companies needing expert advice and guidance with their outsourcing projects.
For me its fine outsourcing,but like Adriana said its makes other countrys rich or it helps their economy more than in your country.And in other countrys since there is no other job they work hard for less money.
domingo, 1 de febrero de 2009
Outsourcing - Maria Jose
Outsourcing - Dominique
Hewlett-Packard today declined to comment on industry speculation the company plans to outsource the jobs of an estimated 500 staff working in its support and service operation located in Rhodes, Sydney, offshore.
A well-placed source has told ZDNet Australia that HP has given the project management team overseeing the Rhodes operation a maximum of eight months to migrate its internal and corporate desktop support functions, employing 300 people, to Bangalore, India.
The source also claimed that HP was planning to axe a further 200 jobs at the Rhodes facility by outsourcing its operations management centre functions to China.
ZDNet Australia contacted HP several times for comment on the allegation. HP corporate communications manager, Hugh Scott said the company could only provide a "no comment" response at this stage.
The centre has been operating in Australia for four years. Work to establish the centre began in 1998 and it started operating in 1999. In 2000 it was upgraded.
The centre currently serves HP's key corporate clients such as Vodafone and Optus, and its internal staff.
The source claims the outsourcing deal is an example of the cost-cutting mentality that has dominated the company's strategy under the stewardship of Carly Fiorina.
"The problem I see with all of this is that Australia is gradually making other countries rich, these 300 people will go on the dole because there is no other work around," said the source.
"The corporate giants are paying HP, HP is paying India but there's no money coming into Australia. Its all money flowing out and you've got 300 more people sitting on the [labour] market".
Last week a McKinsey & Co released a report forecasting IT-enabled Services-Business Process Outsourcing (ITeS-BPO) would grow 60 percent to US$2.4 billion over the 2003 fiscal year.
A swathe of the IT industry's heavy-hitters including Dell, IBM, Accenture and Compaq have outsourced their functions to Indian-based operations over the last 12 months. Australia has not been immune to trend.
Last August Compaq moved its research and development centre from Queensland to India.
In November, documents leaked from within Qantas revealed that the airline's chief information officer, Fiona Balfour, told a meeting of ranking IT executives that outsourcing to India was a long-term strategy for survival.
In December 2001, the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade alarmed the Australian IT industry when it was revealed that it had engaged activity widely viewed as encouraging Australian business to seek opportunities to cut-costs by transferring local functions to India.